Which functions does the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system perform?

The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is primarily responsible for mobilizing the body's energy resources in response to stress or perceived danger. This division activates the "fight or flight" response, preparing the body to react quickly to threats. It increases heart rate, dilates airways, and directs blood flow away from digestive organs and toward muscle tissue, enhancing physical performance and alertness. This physiological arousal ensures that the body is ready to either confront a danger or flee from it.

In contrast, the other options are more aligned with the functions of the parasympathetic division, which is responsible for calming the body, facilitating digestion, and controlling sleep patterns. These functions are associated with resting and restoring the body’s energy, whereas the sympathetic division focuses on preparing the body for immediate action. Thus, the correct choice highlights the primary role of the sympathetic division during stressful situations.